@Krzychpl Dwa punkty:
Neofeudalizm:
1) Toczące się koło anacyklozji Polibiusza
https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/polybius-origins-separation-powers#:~:text=At%20first%2C%20Polybius%20believed%20that,they%20begin%20to%20apply%20reason."Polybius believed that, like other animals, humans naturally formed a herd for the purpose of mutual protection. 8 Given the nature of herds, “it is a necessary consequence that the man who excels in bodily strength and in courage will lead and rule over the rest.” 9 Therefore the cycle of political orders--anacyclosis--began with monarchy, the rule of one.
MONARCHY TO TYRANNY
The first monarch would be an honorable man worthy of the right to rule due to his staunch upholding of justice. As a result, his rule would be respected even when his physical strength waned in later life. 10 Sadly, this state of peaceful affairs would not last. As the king reaches old age, it would be necessary that he choose a successor to inherit his position. Because the first king had lived a life of hardship and toil, he would be an austere figure who conducted his leadership as a first among equals. Polybius wrote that the first kings “were exempt from all vituperation or jealousy, as neither in their dress nor in their food did they make any great distinction, they lived very much like everyone else, not keeping apart from the people.” 11
The successor to the first king would not prove so virtuous. Growing up in luxury and privilege, the new king would act as if he were superior to his subjects. His tastes would become excessive and offensive to the populace at large. As a result of his lack of virtue, he would eventually become a tyrant.
ARISTOCRACY TO OLIGARCHY
Unable to bear the humiliation of injustice, the best of men would rise up against the new tyrant. These rebels would not usurp power for selfish gain since, according to Polybius, they were “of the noblest, most high-spirited, and most courageous, because such men are least able to brook the insolence of princes.” 12 When they prevailed, harmony would once again be restored: “these chiefs gladly assumed this charge and regarded nothing as of greater importance than the common interest, administering the private and public affairs of the people with paternal solicitude.” 13
But yet again, the same issue would rear its ugly head, namely the problem of succession. The sons of these noblemen would not grow up to emulate their courageous fathers. Instead, “having no experience of misfortune and none at all of civil equality and liberty of speech, and having been brought up from the cradle amid the evidences of the power and high position of their fathers,” these petulant aristocrats would indulge in all kinds of greed, lust, and excess. 14 Consequently, they would meet the same fate as the kings: a violent overthrow.
DEMOCRACY TO MOB RULE
The people of this exhausted society had lost faith both in monarchy and in aristocracy. Since both rule by one (monarchy) and rule by the few (aristocracy) had proved to be unreliable systems, the new political order was to be based upon rule by the many, or democracy. As with all of Polybius’s political orders, democracy experienced its moment of flourishing glory.
For a time, the founders of this new democracy valued equality and freedom of expression.
The next generation, as always, proved problematic. Growing up in a society of equals, the new generation—especially the richer members—no longer valued the virtue of equality, instead aiming for preeminence. When these people “lust for power and cannot attain it through themselves or their own good qualities, they ruin their estates, tempting and corrupting the people in every possible way.” 15 This new political order rapidly degenerates into violence and anarchy. Those who lust for preeminence band together and “massacre, banish, and plunder, until they degenerate again into perfect savages and find once more a master and monarch.”"
2) Rewolucjoniści i Libertarianie francuscy to często zdumiewające przypadki. Taki wolny duch Wolter, krytyk traktowania chłopów w Rzeczypospolitej inwestował i czerpał zyski z kolonialnego niewolnictwa (vide historia transportu niewolników na San Jorge,
https://academic.oup.com/hwj/article/doi/10.1093/hwj/dbac025/6693575)