The square-topped rogatywka' field cap was introduced from 1937; it bore a grey embroidered Polish military eagle only (In 1939 some units still wore the earlier khaki sidecap, similar to the US 'overseas cap', with a white metal eagle). The field cap should not be confused with the contemporary service dress headgear, the garrison cap. This too had the traditional squared crown, but stiffened; it had a black leather peak and a colored band bearing rank insignia beneath the eagle badge. Bands were in arm or service colors except in the cavalry, who wore regimental colors. Officers' garrison caps had silver piping at the top edge of the band and along the diagonals of the square crown. The Light Horse regiments and Frontier Defense units wore a similar cap with a round 'English' crown. Uniform reforms of the early 1930s modernized and standardized Polish uniforms, and removed distinctions of cut between officers and enlisted men. The M1936 wool tunic, of a khaki shade slightly greener than its British counterpart, was of conventional appearance, with four pockets, shoulder straps, and a fall collar; buttons were oxidized silver. An identical summer version in linen was issued. Cavalry wore matching breeches reinforced with leather along the inseam and seat, with spurred riding boots. This trooper wears the peacetime collar insignia of 18th Lancers: a swallow-tail pennon in white and light blue with a central scarlet stripe, enclosed by the traditional Polish zig-zag braid. This was not supposed to be worn in combat. He wears the brown leather belt and the Y-straps typical of cavalry, with two triple Mauser ammunition pouch sets, an M1929 carbine and M1933 bread bag slung, and an entrenching tool and bayonet on the belt. The gasmask is obscured here. Horse furniture comprises the M1925 enlisted mans bridle and saddle, the latter with attachments under the left leg for the M1934 sabre; examples of the M1921 sabre, or earlier French, Russian or Prussian types were not unknown in 1939. The rolled M1936 greatcoat is strapped at the front of the saddle, and an oatsack over saddle bags at the rear; the blanket was carried under the shabraque. The lance, of French type, is fitted with the regimentally colored pennon. The lance was not supposed to have been carried into action in 1939, but there was some unit variation: some left it in barracks, others began the campaign with it but handed it over to the baggage train subsequently. Lances flying the regimental CO s pennant and squadron pennants were retained. Corporal, 12th Lancers The same basic uniform; note that the French Adrian-style helmet was retained by virtually all cavalry and horse artillery troops in 1939, as well as by some artillery, reserve infantry, and supporting services. The only insignia supposed to be retained in action were the rank devices on the shoulder straps, shown in detail in the accompanying monochrome design; this cop oral can just be seen to wear the two silver, red-trimmed chevrons of his grade. The regimental number, a monogram referring to a unit honor-title, or some other traditional unit device was directly attached to the shoulder strap of peacetime service dress, but on combat uniform it was worn on a removable slide. The regimental collar pennon was amaranth red over light blue with a white stripe for the 12th Lancers; it is enclosed by zig-zag braid in silver NCOs embroidery. The weapon is the squad light automatic, the wz.28 derivative of the M1928 Browning Automatic Rifle. Gunners wore larger, canvas magazine pouches in pairs, the top edges slanting upwards to the centre of each pair.